Free Essays on Business Ethics

Substance Introduction, OR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii Presentation n I. Ethics: Boeing and Bell south Ethics approach 1 n Addendum n Chosen BIBLIOGRAPHY n McLaws 1 Business morals, I am composing my paper on business morals, business morals in the public arena, and the morals approaches of Boeing and Bellsouth. I think to consider business morals you initially need to comprehend what it is, business morals characterized is â€Å"The investigation of the general idea of ethics and of explicit good decisions; moral way of thinking; and the guidelines or measures overseeing the lead of the individuals from a profession† Expanding on this definition, we can start to build up an idea of business morals. A great many people would concur that high moral gauges require both business and people to fit in with sound good standards. In any case, some exceptional viewpoints must be viewed as while applying morals to business. Let’s start with â€Å"What is ethics?† Simply put, morals includes realizing what is correct or wrong, and afterward making the best decision yet â€Å"the right thing† isn't close to as clear as passed on in a lot of business morals writing. Most moral issues in the work environment are not just a question of â€Å"should Bob take from Jack?† or â€Å"Should Jack lie to his boss?† Numerous Ethicists declare there’s consistently a correct activity dependent on the ethical standard, and others accept the proper activity rely upon the circumstance at last it’s up to the person. Numerous Philosophers believe morals to be the â€Å"science of conduct†. Twin Cities experts Doug Wallace and John Pekel clarify that morals incorporates the basic guidelines by which we live our lives. Logicians have been talking about morals for in any event 2500 years, since the hour of Socrates and Plato. Numerous ethicists believe rising moral convictions to be â€Å"state of the art† legitimate issues, I.E. what turns into a moral rule today is regularly meant a ... Free Essays on Business Ethics Free Essays on Business Ethics Morals in Business From a business point of view, working under government agreements can be a rewarding recommendation. When all is said in done, a surge of requests continue coming in, income increments and the organization develops in the total. The undeniable destructions to working thusly are both more excellent expected just as the broad research and documentation required for government contracts. In the event that a section neglects to perform accurately it can cause minor glitches just as issues that can convey genuine repercussions, for example, in the National Semiconductor case. At the point when both the guilty segment and friends are discovered, the inquiry emerges of how broad these repercussions ought to be. Is the organization as a substance at risk or do you investigate singular representatives inside that organization? From a moral point of view one would need to take a gander at the alleviating variables of both the workers and their bosses alongside the job of others in the disappo intment of these segments. Next you would need to break down the last decision from a corporate point of view and afterward we should analyze the full scale issue of corporate duty so as to endeavor to discover a goals for cases like these. The first moderating element engaged with the National Semiconductor case is the vulnerability, with respect to the workers, on the obligations that they were doled out. It is conceivable that during the testing technique, a worker couldnt recognize which parts they were to test under government gauges and business measures. At times they may have even been deceived on the last shoppers of the items that they tried. Truth be told, numbness with respect to the representatives would completely pardon them from any ethical duty regarding any harm that may result from their work. Regardless of whether it is concluded that a worker is completely pardoned, or is given some ethical obligation, would need to be taken a gander at on an individual premise. The second relieving factor is the... Free Essays on Business Ethics What is morals? Simply put, morals includes realizing what is correct or wrong, and afterward making the best choice, yet the proper thing isn't close to as direct as it is by all accounts. Morals is the cautious investigation of measures of conduct that apply to certifiable issues and choices. It gives us bits of knowledge into what we ought to do. The moment we put the word ‘should’ in a sentence, we are most likely discussing morals. Schools should (or ought not) consider in confirmations. Human services inclusion should (or ought not) be a considerable piece of the state financial plan. In spite of the fact that morals manages good and bad, it's anything but a control that consistently drives everybody to similar ends. It isn't the hostage of nonconformists or preservationists. Obviously, there are circumstances that aren't right by any norm. The as of late announced prompt given by previous Enron Chairman Kenneth Lay to the speculators to hang on their interests in the organization while he himself continued selling the portions of the organization is an a valid example. Yet, there are different issues where good and bad is less clear. To control our appearance on such troublesome inquiries, scholars, strict educators and different masterminds have molded different ways to deal with moral dynamic. Numerous scholars believe morals to be the study of direct. Ethics incorporates the central guidelines by which we live our lives. Rationalists have been talking about morals for at any rate 2500 years, since the hour of Socrates and Plato. Numerous ethicists believe developing moral convictions to be best in class legitimate issues, i.e., what turns into a moral rule today is frequently meant a law, guideline or rule tomorrow. Qualities, which direct how we should carry on, are viewed as virtues, e.g., qualities, for example, regard, genuineness, reasonableness, duty, and so on. Explanations around how these qualities are applied are once in a while called good or moral standards. Most moral predicaments... Free Essays on Business Ethics Morals in Business From a business point of view, working under government agreements can be a worthwhile suggestion. All in all, a flood of requests continue coming in, income increments and the organization develops in the total. The undeniable ruin to working as such is both more excellent expected just as the broad research and documentation required for government contracts. In the event that a section neglects to perform accurately it can cause minor glitches just as issues that can convey genuine repercussions, for example, in the National Semiconductor case. At the point when both the punishable part and friends are discovered, the inquiry emerges of how broad these repercussions ought to be. Is the organization as a substance at risk or do you investigate singular workers inside that organization? From a moral point of view one would need to take a gander at the relieving elements of both the workers and their bosses alongside the job of others in the disappointment of these parts. Next you wo uld need to break down the last decision from a corporate point of view and afterward we should look at the full scale issue of corporate duty so as to endeavor to discover a goals for cases like these. The first moderating component associated with the National Semiconductor case is the vulnerability, with respect to the representatives, on the obligations that they were doled out. It is conceivable that during the testing strategy, a representative couldn’t recognize which parts they were to test under government gauges and business measures. Now and again they may have even been misguided on the last buyers of the items that they tried. Indeed, obliviousness with respect to the representatives would completely pardon them from any ethical obligation regarding any harm that may result from their work. Regardless of whether it is concluded that a workers is completely pardoned, or is given some Moral obligation would need to be taken a gander at on an individual premise. The second moderating element is the coercion or thre... Free Essays on Business Ethics The most effective method to act toward oneself and toward others involves settling on decisions: regardless of whether to be benevolent or unpleasant; whether to come clean or falsehood; whether to be liberal or insatiable; whether to concentrate so as to finish a test or to invest significant investigation energy sitting in front of the TV and cheat to pass it. These, and every single other inquiry concerning how individuals act toward themselves and each other are managed in a field of study called morals. Another name for morals is profound quality. Since the two words propose standard methods of conduct, they are fairly deceptive. It had to do with what ought to or ought not be finished. Gap pragmatic shrewdness into two sections: moral way of thinking and political way of thinking. They’re characterized all together contemplated condition of ability to act as to the things that are fortunate or unfortunate for man† (Drucker, 1996). One explanation of the issue is b usiness associations, just as citizenry when all is said in done, are tormented by the way that there are liars, cheats, and criminals among us. Liars, cheats, and hoodlums are not new nor are they prone to vanish. Individuals will do anything and go to whatever degree to get what they need. This is the reason there’s an absence of morals. Meaning of terms: The word morals is gotten from the Greek ethos, which means â€Å"character,† the example of conduct or character found in an individual or gathering; moral constitution, moral quality, self-restraint and grit (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia). The other is from the Latin mores, which means â€Å"custom† (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia). Business Ethics alludes to what is correct or wrong, or fortunate or unfortunate, human conduct. The idea of business morals is â€Å"being ready to take a gander at your face in the mirror†(Drucker, 1996). Morals is an implicit rules an

Adela Torres free essay sample

Po day by day as of late stopped in light of flawed hypersensitive response, HCTZ 25 mg Po each other day, and oral calcium supplements, in the past she has been on penicillamine, azathioprine, and hydroxychloroquine however she has not had azulfidine, cyclophosphamide, or chlorambucil. Hypersensitivities: None by history FAMILY/SOCIAL HISTORY: None contributory PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: This is a narrowly sick seeming female alarm, situated, and helpful. She moves with incredible trouble due to weariness imalays. Essential SIGNS: Blood pressure 107/80, pulse 100 and customary, breaths 22. HEENT: nurosentalic, no scalp injuries, dry eyes with conjunctival infusion, exophthalmos, dry nasal mucosa, mark breaking and seeping of lips with disintegrations of the mucosa she has an enormous slash ulceration of the mucosa at the nibble edge on the left. She has some dissipated ulcerations on her hard and delicate bed she experiences issues opening her mouth as a result of torment. Tonsils not broadened. No noticeable exudate. She has some gentle ecchymosis on her skin and some erythema, she has a few fixes yet no skin brake down, she made them crevice in the backside wrinkle. We will compose a custom paper test on Adela Torres or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Pneumonic: Clear to precussion and auscultation reciprocally. CARDIOVASCULAR: No mumbles or jogs noted. Mid-region: Soft, non-delicate, protuberant, no organomegaly, and positive inside sound. NORALOGIC EXAME: Cranial nerves 2 †12 are horribly unblemished, diffuse hyporeflexia, strong skeletal crosove dangerous chambers in elbows, wrist, and hands reliable with rheumatoid joint pain. Has respective absolute knee supplantings with slove pipe legs and perimalledal pitting edema 1+, I feel no heartbeat distally in either leg. Issues: 1. Expanding of the lips and dysphasia with sketchy early Stevens-Johnson disorder. 2. Rheumatoid joint inflammation class 3 phase 4. 3. Flare of joint inflammation subsequent to ceasing methotrexate. 4. Osteoporosis with pressure break. 5. Gentle lack of hydration 6. Nephrolithiasis 7. Nervousness

A Brief History of Social Anxiety Disorder

A Brief History of Social Anxiety Disorder July 15, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Heritage Images/Getty Images The history of social anxiety disorder (SAD) is best described as a series of events leading to the diagnosis we know today. Although it may seem like SAD has not been a recognized diagnosis for very long, the idea of social anxiety dates back to the early part of the 20th century. Below you will find a historical timeline highlighting major turning points in the history of SAD as well as some interesting tidbits that happened along the way. The Early Years 400 B.C.: The concept of social fear dates back as early as 400 B.C. During this time, Hippocrates described the overly shy person as someone who loves darkness as life and thinks every man observes him.Early 1900s: In the early part of the 20th century, psychiatrists used terms such as social phobia and social neurosis to refer to extremely shy patients. Mid-Century 1950s: South African psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe paved the way for later advances in behavioral therapy for phobias through his work developing systematic desensitization techniques.1960s: British psychiatrist Isaac Marks proposed that social phobias be considered a distinct category separate from other simple phobias.1967:  Barbra Streisand forgot the lyrics to a song while singing in Central Park, which she attributed to anxiety that she later received treatment for.1968: In the second edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II), published by the American Psychiatric Association, social fears were described as a specific phobia of social situations or excessive fear of being observed or scrutinized by others. At this point in history, the definition of social phobia was very narrow. The Social Anxiety Disorder Criteria Have Evolved and Changed Approaching the Millenium 1980: In the third edition of the DSM (DSM-III), social phobia was included as an official psychiatric diagnosis. In this edition, social phobia was described as a fear of performance situations  and did not include fears of less formal situations such as casual conversations. People with such broad fears were more likely to be diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder (which could not be diagnosed at the same time as social phobia).1985: Psychiatrist Michael Liebowitz and clinical psychologist Richard Heimberg initiated a call to action for research on social phobia. Up to this point, research on the disorder had been lacking, leading some to refer to it as the neglected anxiety disorder.1987: A revision to the DSM-III lead to changes in some of the diagnostic criteria. A diagnosis now required that the symptoms cause interference or marked distress rather than simply significant distress. It was also now possible to diagnose social phobia and avoidant personality disorder in the same patient. Finally, the term generalized social phobia, referring to a more severe and pervasive form of the disorder, was introduced.1990s:  Donny Osmond suffered from severe stage fright while performing in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat.1994: The DSM-IV was published and the term social anxiety disorder (SAD) replaced social phobia. This new term was used to refer to how broad and generalized fears are in the disorder. In this new edition, the disorder was defined as a marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or possible scrutiny by others. The diagnostic criteria were only slightly modified from the DSM-III-R. Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) The New Millenium 2006:  Baseball player Zack Greinke is diagnosed with social anxiety disorder.2007:  Verywell.com began its first pages about social anxiety disorder. This library of resources has grown to hundreds of articles on the topic and a corresponding Facebook page (About Social Anxiety Disorder) was started to provide a place for people with SAD to gather.2012:  Susan Cain published the tangentially related book Quiet, which promoted the positive aspects of introverts. This cause some confusion, and possibly added to the perception of social anxiety disorder not being a real disorder.2013: The DSM-V was published, with little change to the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder other than the wording of the time frame for diagnosis. A Word From Verywell Understanding the evolution of the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder is helpful in learning more about your symptoms and how they will be treated. Moving forward, it is likely that new methods of treating SAD will be identifiedâ€"particularly in the area of technology and therapy delivery. As we move forward with genetic testing, it is also likely that we will gain a better understanding of the underlying causes of the disorder. Understanding the Causes of Social Anxiety Disorder

Human Control And Its Effects On Modern Society - 1458 Words

History is the sum of the events that result from human control going well or bad. Myriad times in history have there been instances where control or power has been given to a person and their control is beneficial or detrimental to a society. In The Early History of Rome, author and historian Livy writes how human control has played out in Roman civilization, one of the most influential societies of Western civilization. By writing this vivid history, Livy demonstrates that when human control is given, the best outcomes result when humans act selflessly instead of selfishly. According to Livy, therefore, historical knowledge helps us develop a more collectivistic view of our modern society in order to maintain morality in them. The story†¦show more content†¦One could argue that his troops were the ones who directly attacked the Etruscans, but if it weren’t for Cocles’ assist in keeping them from advancing, the troops wouldn’t have been inspired enough to fight. In this situation, no one else but Cocles’ self-sacrificing actions were out of pure courage to protect the people and troops of the Janiculum as a whole. Just as the unknown, Chinese man defended himself and others by blocking a line of army tanks in their path during the Tiananmen Protests in 1989, Clocles’ courage was genuine and unselfish. In both of these instances, morality overpowered dangerous consequences and circumstances and created a positive outcome. His collectivistic actions were significant enough for Livy to write about. Just as Horatius Cocles displayed a great amount of courage and selflessness for others, Cloelia, a hostage in captivity of the Etruscans, also showed much courage and leadership. Leading a group of other female hostages along with her, she passed the Etruscan guards, and swam her way across the Tiber River to return her fellow hostages to the Roman side. What is unique about Cloelia’s brave actions, â€Å"unprecedented in a woman, by an equally unprecedented honour†, was the reaction her escape had on Porsena, who ended up admiring her courage (Livy, 124). Cloelia could have easily ignored her desire to try to

Ethical Dilemmas Ethical Dilemma - 1117 Words

Ethical Dilemmas? Well what are ethical dilemmas though? Ethical dilemmas are a case of reasoning that involves a right versus right decision. As anyone can comprehend, an ethical dilemma has multiple answers. In any case involving a right versus right decision, it is based on a number of factors, including your intuition, thinking and even feeling. However, to solve these predicaments, Kidder came up with 3 principles that are aimed at assisting the decision making process. Although Kidder determined these principles, making a decision involving ethical dilemmas revolves around the idea of a person’s own values and what they believe is right in their own mind. In order to apply Kidder’s 3 principles that are aimed at aiding the decision making process when it comes to ethical dilemmas, an ethical situation must first be determined. For this specific paper, I elected to write about the ethical dilemma of choosing whether to offer an impoverished family or individual a m ortgage for a home that they are highly probable to default on or deny them that mortgage. For instance, giving a family or individual who only brings in a mere $20,000 a year, a $200,000 loan or denying them that money. This idea correlates to the mortgage crisis of 2007 when the growth of housing prices stalled and demand slowed. As a result, lenders accepted loans when they knew that a high degree of risk and insolvency probable. Eventually, banks became bankrupt and the government established stimulusShow MoreRelatedEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1538 Words   |  7 Pages1. Discuss an ethical dilemma that you have had to face in the workplace. Ethical dilemmas often occur when a manager or an employee is faced with two or more conflicting choices. Give as many facts and details as possible in describing your dilemma. The most difficult ethical dilemma I have dealt with was a summer job I had this past summer, while I was working for a bakery in my hometown. This past particular summer really tested what I believe is right and wrong and how to speak up. One of myRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1291 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Dilemmas in the Workplace As a manager, you are the role model for staff. You set the standards, adhere to guidelines, and exemplify what you expect staff to model. By doing so, you are establishing and sustaining an organizational culture of ethics and integrity, which is the backbone of all successful endeavors. However, even the best structured organizations face ethical dilemmas in the workplace. It is how management recognizes and addresses these occurrences that will either set themRead MoreEthical Dilemma Assignment1766 Words   |  8 PagesCONSENT FORM Thank you for being willing to take part in this interview exploring ethical conflict or turbulence. I would like to transcribe the content of this interview to form a written document to be submitted to Sheffield Hallam University as a piece of assessed piece of coursework. It is important that you only take part in this interview if you want to. As such I would be delighted if you would complete and sign this confidentiality questionnaire prior to the interview taking place. (i)Read MoreCase Analysis : Ethical Dilemma1318 Words   |  6 PagesTitle of Paper: Ethical Dilemma One INTRODUCTION Mrs. Smith, is an 81-year-old widow. She has been widowed for over twenty years. She has been very independent with some assistance from neighbors due to her son living out of the area and unable to assist. Recently, she has had issues with her independence. She has set two accidental fires that caused damages to her apartment, as well as had a recent fall in the bathtub. These issues have gained her son’s attention which has led him to requestRead MoreEthical Dilemma at Workplace Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction – What is an ethical dilemma? Ethics is the term we give to our concern for good behavior.   It is human nature to not only be concerned with our own personal well being, but also that of others and of human society as a whole.   The difference between moral dilemmas and ethical ones, philosophers say, is that in moral issues the choice is between right and wrong.   In ethical ones, the choice is between two rights. Everyday Im faced with decisions of right and wrong, most of whichRead Moret Types of ethical dilemmas Mastery67Questions123Materials Essay2477 Words   |  10 PagesTypes of ethical dilemmas Mastery 67% Questions 1 2 3 Materials on the concept: Typical Moral Dilemmas Confronting Business Communicators Ethics and Law for Management Communication Top of Form 1. As part of an effort to hire younger workers, a multinational organization assures applicants that they will get to visit its offices in other countries and work with the employees there. However, only two out of every nine workers actually get selected for such projects. What moral dilemma best fitsRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemmas of Collecting Data and the Consequential Revision of Commodities, Culture and the Politics of Representations Definitions 1751 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation or data has become assets to companies, being regarded as property to be bought and sold to between companies. However, this has put forward the following primary ethical dilemmas surrounding human rights: the right to informed consent and the right to personal data. In addition to the creation of ethical dilemmas, the collection of human data has brought about a need for a revision of definitions. Commodities are known as a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be boughtRead More Will the Real Lupe Garza Please Stand Up? Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesAn ethical dilemma is defined as a moral issue, where a situation has two equivalent undesirable alternatives and neither choice will resolve the ethical predicament. Lupe Garza, mother of two children, is a temporary employee at a plant. Garza is an excellent and talented worker, and supervisors have taken notice in her skills. A human resource specialist named Sara Jones, mislead Garza in thinking she would unquestionably obtain a permanent job position at the plant, causing Garza to turn downRead MoreThe Ethical Principles Of Respect For Autonomy984 Words   |  4 Pagesthe nurse to administer blood despite Mark’s refusal. This situation presents an ethical dilemma to the health professionals involved in Mark’s care. The ethical dilemma is whether to uphold his decision not to receive the blood and therefore risk his life or give him the blood to save his life despite knowing his religious status and beliefs. There are several ethical principles involved in this scenario. The ethical principles of respect for Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence, Veracity and FidelityRead MoreDuty to Warn Essays1522 Words   |  7 PagesDuty t o Warn Jessica Hall PSYCH/545 09/4/2011 Dr. P. Duty to Warn The ethical dilemma I wish to explore is The Duty to Warn. This refers to the duty of a counselor, therapist to breach one of the most important bonds between a client and a therapist; the law of confidentiality. The therapist has the right to break confidentiality without the fear of being brought up for legal action. If the therapist believes that the client poses a danger, or is a threat to himself, someone else, or society

Traditional Capsules Free Essays

Traditional capsules formulations Consists of a 2 piece hard gelatin shell, with a powder blend. Typical formulation would be:- Active Diluent Glidant Lubricant Wetting agent Capsules have advantages as oral dosage forms: Easy to administer, simpler formulations (Vs tablets-fewer stability problems) Taste/ odour masking Potentially good bioavailability Liquid filled capsules -Advantages 1. Dose Uniformity In a powder capsule for potent drug choice the problems are achieving homogenous mix at the required scale of scrutiny. We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional Capsules or any similar topic only for you Order Now To overcome this problem we could formulate as a solution; 100% homogenous. Filling liquids also avoids problems of poor powder flow; if this occurs during filling, can lead to variation of fill weight. (with a 1% possible) . 2. Patient safety compliance/consumer preference Softgel capsule shel soft/flexlble; popular dosage form, due to ; Ease of swallowing Absence of taste Convenience (portable, robust) Soft gels capsules can be formulated to be taken In different ways; Chewable or lozenges Twist-offs (with a tag allows access to contents) 3. Increased Bioavailability Dissolution of drug from solid state (I. e formulated as an ordinary tab/cap) can be rate limiting step. This often true for non-polar drugs. But In llquld fill cap, drug Is In a form from which It can be absorbed rapidly. Drug being In solution has additional advantage (I. e Vs tablet, fro low solublllty drug) Reduces varlablllty of drug plasma levels (between patients) 4. Safety Powder processing of very potent or cytoxlc drug hazardous; dust contamination avoided by solution. 5. Olly/low melting point drugs Dlffllcult to make Into † normal† tab/cap (drug could partly melt during compression) 6. Product stablllty Drug can be protected against 02/H20 by using llpld vehicle and soft gel shell. Considerations for Capsule shell Having llquld In direct contact with the shell -more potential for formulation -pack Interaction, particularly affecting Integrity. Therefore, any trace of water cannot be used because water dissolves gelatin hence won’t work. Llqulds can be filled Into Dotn sort ana nara cap- out OITTerent conslaeratlons apply. can’t necessarlly Till same formulation into both types, need to think about composition of the shell itself (gelatin) Gelatin for Hard Capsules Main problem Liquid fill hard gel caps is; Residual moisture loss†¦. rom the shell into the formulation Hydrogels require 13% to 6% level of moisture, to retain strength. Hence hygroscopic solvents cannot be used as excipients in liquid filled caps since they might take up some water. E. g ethanol, liquid PEG, glycerol, PG. (all these cannot be used for hard capsule) During preformulations studies, we have to check that excipients are compatible with shell. Excipients that can be us ed for hard capsule; Lipophilic liquids/semi solids e. g arachis, castor, olive oils. Also some surfactants emulsifiers. As an alternative, could consider HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) caps. Residual water not so important for integrity of shell, so wider range of olvents may be possible. Gelatin for soft capsules â€Å"Formulation† of soft gel caps themselves are different to hardgel . Typically the gelatin plus: Plasticiser ( to give flexibility). Often 20-30% Glycerol is frequently used Water; lower residual level than hardcaps, 5-8% Colourant /opacifier Lower water level needed for the soft caps means ; hydrophilic solvents e. g. PEG 400can be used unlike for hard gels. (but need to be aware of migration into shell) Manufacture of Hardgel Caps In brief, Formulation is pumped into bottom half of shell, then cap is replaced. Issues for manu. Hardgel caps Formulation viscosity (liquid semi solid possible) Temperature of filling Sealing of capsule shell afterwards NB: Therefore need to consider physical aspects of formulation, as well as filling equipment available. Rheological Considerations Simplest formulation is a solution in which active dissolves, at room temp. Very precise control of filling possible. In-soluble active If active is not soluble, could consider using elevated temperatures, up to 70Deg. Celcius. (Above this could damage the shell) But when the temperature falls again, inside the shell drug would re-precipitate at RT. As a consequence resulting particle size will be important (bioavailability). Another problem; Recrystallized/suspended drug inside capsule shell wil; have a potential to cake re â€Å"normal† suspension, could get crystal growth. t Is posslDle to Till a suspenslon out tnen anotner proDlem to solve; May oe a to keep homogenous, during filling. 2 Alternatives for insoluble drugs; 1 . Thixotrpic gel; Undergoes shear thinning during mixing/filling. so then enough to but gel resets in capsule Typical formulation- Lipophilic solvent (oil) *gel-former (e. g. silicon dioxide). Silicon ioxide only forms a gel in a lipophilic environment. 2. Thermosoftened system Formulation is a liquid or suspension at (elevated) filling temperature, but solid or semi solid at RT. Typically based on a high molecular PEG, eg PEG 10,000 (soft but solid) If drug crystallises, will need to consider resulting particle size as previously. Manu. Of Hardgell caps cont’d a)Filling- Hardgell caps On a development (small) scale, can use a syringe. Large-scale machines use volumetric pumps- hopper and nozzle can be heated. Up to 100,000 caps/hr possible. How to cite Traditional Capsules, Papers

Running head QUALITY MANAGEMENT 1 Essays - Business, Economy

Running head: QUALITY MANAGEMENT 1 Total Quality Management in Products Amber B.N. Campbell Belhaven University Unit 4 Writing Assignment 2 QUALITY MANAGEMENT 2 Quality is the most essential measure of achievement for any association. Every successful association create a quality item or service, yet how it measure and what is the procedure to produce it. Each association has certain issues that affect the quality of the item they are creating. Associations endeavor to guarantee that their clients get quality items and are fulfilled by the administration they get. They understand this is a critical element toward having a successful business. The initial move toward making progress is guaranteeing that the association has a Total Quality Management idea incorporated into their objectives, destinations, and advancement of the vital arrangements. Many automobile repair shops gives auto repair services to client vehicles. Their general objective is to give their clients the most ideal administration that will save the wellbeing and the estimation of their vehicle. At whatever point a client's auto is adjusted, the auto is dealt with as though it fit in with one of the workers. Such as Walmart tire Lube, they guarantees that all professionals are prepared and affirmed to perform the administrations. They comprehend that a fulfilled client turns into a general client that will prescribe others to their foundation. Their TQM style is in each Walmart store crosswise over America which comprises of value examination methods. All administrations gave by Walmart tire lube are performed by experts prepared to finish oil changes, perform upkeep checks or other required administrations as indicated by the producer of the vehicle. Specialists get cutting-edge preparing to keep up capability on administrations gave at Walmart tire lube. Ballpoint pens are made to arrange in mass amounts. While every producer makes them marginally in an unexpected way, the essential steps incorporate ink exacerbating, metal part arrangement, plastic segment forming, piece get together, bundling, marking, and delivering. In QUALITY MANAGEMENT 3 cutting edge shops, pens can go from raw material to completed item in under five minutes. The quality of pen segments is checked amid all assembling stages. Since a great many parts are made every day, reviewing everyone is unimaginable. Subsequently, line controllers take random samples of pen pieces at certain time intervals and check to guarantee that they meet set details for size, shape, and consistency. Random samples of the final product are also tested to ensure a batch of pens writes correctly. There are a wide range of choices organizations have when settled on what sort of telephone service to utilize. The size and needs of the organization will for the most part decide the interchanges expected to run a composed operation. Another variable in picking what kind of information transfers an organization will need is the thing that sort of business does the organization manage. It permits business organizations to extend their viewpoints endlessly less demanding than at any other time. It got to be conceivable to set up gatherings and examine business matters with accomplices a huge number of miles away. Organizations that possessed a phone had a huge favorable position over the rest. Along these lines, a TQM style in associations is essential to the achievement of the business. Authority and their representatives must understand that their practices and states of mind significantly affect meeting built up key objectives and destinations. A reasonable and brief comprehension will help them in giving quality administration and items that the client expects and merits. The overview between the associations and business uncover their dedication to giving quality administration and items to the client. Clients are critical variables to their prosperity and merit quality administration and items. Administration holds the general QUALITY MANAGEMENT 4 obligation regarding the accomplishment of TQM in their individual associations in guaranteeing quality administration and items are given to the client.

The defining activities and principles of ethnographic research Essays

The defining activities and principles of ethnographic research Essays The defining activities and principles of ethnographic research Paper The defining activities and principles of ethnographic research Paper Essay Topic: Sociology The term ethnography relates to a specific method upon which a researcher goes through to understand a certain situation. These methods involve the ethnographer becoming interrelated either covertly (whereby the researcher does not let the participants know who they are; either they hide their identity or they observe from a far) or overtly (whereby researchers inform participants of who they are) with the people under investigation and within their daily lives. As Marvin Harris and Orna Johnson (2001) state, ethnography literally means a portrait of people, ethnography is a written description of a particular culture- the customs, beliefs and behaviour- based on information collected through fieldwork. This ethnographic method starts with a selection of the culture upon which they wish to observe and understand. The ethnographer then researchers this specific culture and identifies variables of interest, typically these will be variables perceived as significant by members of the culture. The ethnographer then has to decide how they will gain entrance, this is especially difficult when done within covert ethnography as there is pressure in whatever circumstance it is to not stand out and look like an intruder or ethnographer. It is not unusual for ethnographers to live within their chosen society for months or even years, yet it doesnt take long in most cases for the ethnographer to gain cultural immersion. The middle stages of ethnographic research rely on the ethnographer gaining as much information as possible; this can be done through a range of both qualitative data as well as quantitative. This is their fieldwork and is vital when carrying out such investigations. When they feel as though they have enough data, or that staying within such a society wouldnt benefit their research anymore they leave, they then use their field work for their data analysis and theory development whereby the ethnographer strives to avoid theoretical preconceptions. As the ethnographer often gets very involved in the research, rich qualitative data can be yielded from ethnography, but as this type of research needs to be gained over a long period of time and can often invite an array of different opinions, other research methods may be used within the study, therefore quantitative data can be gained from methods such as questionnaires, interviews, experiments and observations. This specific form of social research can be identified as triangulation as it combines different methods so that the strengths of one complement the weaknesses of the other. There are a range of different types of ethnography not just that of covert and overt methods. Micro and Macro ethnography tends to study the narrowly or broadly defined cultural groupings. Whereas Emic and Etic ethnography is considered a research approach to the way in which members or non-members perceive and interpret behaviours and phenomena associated with a given culture. There are a number of documentaries that have been broadcast across our television screens recently whereby ethnographic research has been the main focus. Journalists have particularly taken to ethnographic research as it gives more depth and intensity to their so called stories and interests the public greatly. Donal MacIntyre for example has managed to make a career out of ethnographic research, as he has covertly managed to fool people in to believing that he is not a journalist and is therefore one of them. His research method has in many circumstances worked very well as he has managed to prove a variety of things that could not have been done overtly. One of Donal MacIntyres most famous and well recognised ethnographic study was in 1999. He wanted to show the public just how dangerous football hooligans are and how much they relish violence. In just eighteen months Donal MacIntyre infiltrated the Chelsea Head-Hunters (the hooligan firm for Chelsea football team) with the help of hidden cameras and recording equipment, the results were just what he wanted. In preparation for this ethnographic study MacIntyre had to watch hours of Chelsea videos and had to leaf through pages of literature to enable him to become culturally immersed within the hooligans. He pretended to be a drug dealer, and a very successful one at that. He moved into the same block of flats as the main ring leader of the Head-hunters and even hired out a i 45,000 Mercedes to look the part. Donal MacIntyre was born in Ireland so for eighteen months he had to loose his accent. To get involved he started to take the Head-hunters to away games, he slowly became one of them and at one point even ended up in a fight at one of the football matches with them, he stated in his documentary that it was real. He got very badly hurt, yet he was getting what he needed from the investigation so decided to carry on. He even went to the extremes of having a Chelsea tattoo on his arm for authenticity, which he is now getting removed. Sitting in Donals i 45,000 Mercedes on more than one occasion was Andrew Frain (nicknamed nightmare) who boast on the documentary about slashing an off duty police officer. He also spent one particular journey to a football match with Leicester on the phone arranging a 150 man riot. Within in all ethnographic research, observation is one of the main methods upon which a sociologist or ethnographer can collect their fieldwork. Yet, they do not just observe people as and when they need to decide when and where to observe people and to actually observe the specific things that relate to the investigation. With such an immense study it is often difficult to keep the fieldwork observations completely related to the specific variables of interest. In Donal MacIntyres case he took the role of becoming a complete participant, whereby he took a very highly active and involved participation within the group being examined, the Head-hunters. (Fulcher Scott,Sociology,2nd edition, p88) Although this may seem easy, it is very difficult to actually gain the information needed as it is difficult to ask questions or raise specific issues that would make it obvious that the researcher is not a participant. Therefore the researcher has to remain within the role and sometimes can get so involved within it that it is difficult for them to then be able to analyse the findings. Also without recording equipment it may be difficult to remember everything before you get the chance to write it down, also with a recording you can replay it as many times as you like and get different opinions upon it yet without this your evidence is subject to watch you saw, which can lead to a bias view. Donal MacIntyre stated that the very difficult eighteen month investigation was traumatic and very scary. Donal spoke of his fear for life on many occasions. As the documentary was aired on the BBC, the police had the evidence to arrest two of the main ring leaders of the Chelsea Head-hunters. One was jailed for seven years and one was jailed for six and they both have been banned from attending football matches for twenty years. Through this specific ethnographic investigation Donal managed to gain evidence and information on an aspect that the Head-hunters would have not been willing to discuss elsewhere. The Head-hunters didnt feel the need to lie as they may have in an interview for example as they assumed that Donal was their friend. As Donal gained an insider status he had access to their so called native language. However, although this type of methodology was considered the most efficient when getting truthful, reliable and valuable information, it has had its consequences upon Donal. Since the investigation Donal has received a number of death threats, his car has been spray painted, he has been mugged and beaten up and he now lives in constant fear within a safe-house. This shows the extremes and amount of work people are prepared to go through to get the result they want. Donal MacIntyre has put his own safety aside as he wanted to prove to the public what hooliganism was really like. Ethnographic research is a method which involves so many different types of research; therefore it is considered that it is a very good way of investigating cases which are not just a yes or no answer. Although some people state that covert ethnography is wrong as you are leading people to believe you are somebody that you are not, many sociologists view is that the only way you are able to get a reliable result is through being covert, because people will always try to make themselves sound or look better if they know they are being investigated, whether they mean to or not.

How to Format an NLM Reference List

How to Format an NLM Reference List How to Format an NLM Reference List NLM referencing is used by many medical schools and journals. Thus, if you are studying medicine, you may need to use NLM referencing in your written work. And in this post, we’ll look at the basics of how to format an NLM reference list. Read on to find out more. NLM Reference List Rules In NLM referencing, as well as citing sources in the main text, you need to list each cited source at the end of your document. This list can be titled â€Å"References,† â€Å"End References,† â€Å"Literature Cited,† or â€Å"Bibliography† (check your school’s style guide if you are not sure which to use). Beyond this, there are some rules that apply to reference lists in NLM referencing: Write author and editor names surname first. Use initials in place of first and middle names. List all named authors for each source, regardless of how many there are. Use a comma to separate author names in each entry. Capitalize only the first word of book and article titles, along with proper nouns, proper adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms in titles and subtitles. Reproduce other titles (e.g., web pages) as they were originally published. Abbreviate significant words in journal titles (and omit other terms). Use a colon followed by a space to separate titles from subtitles. For online sources, include a citation date in square brackets after the date of publication; you should also give a URL at the end of the reference after the words â€Å"Available from.† Beyond this, how you organize a reference list will depend on the citation style used in the document. In the rest of this post, then, we will look at how to format an NLM reference list when using the citation-sequence, citation-name, and name-year versions of this system. NLM Refence List: Citation-Sequence In the citation-sequence system, you cite sources with superscript numbers in the main text. These numbers point to entries in the reference list, with sources listed in the order they are first cited. As such, the first source you cite becomes the first entry in your reference list, the second source you cite would become the second entry, etc. For instance: 1. Hopper D, Farrow A. Medical bibliographies. J Med Writ. 2008 June 15; 4(1): 128-130. 2. Aaronson A. A history of English alphabetization. New York, NY: Penguin; 1998. 480 p. 3. Zedwick Z. Understanding NLM [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine; 2011 Jan 5 [cited 2018 Nov 11]. Available from: nlm.nih.gov/NLM-referencing. Here, for example, the fact that â€Å"Medical bibliographies† by Hopper and Farrow is the first source in the list would mean that it is also the first source cited in the document. We would then know that any citation with a superscript â€Å"1† in the text points to this entry in the reference list. NLM Refence List: Citation-Name The citation-name system is similar to the citation-sequence version in that you cite sources with numbers in the main text, with each number indicating a source in the reference list. However, with this version of NLM referencing, you order sources in the reference list itself alphabetically by author surname. With this version of the system, then, our NLM reference list would look like this: 1. Aaronson A. A history of English alphabetization. New York, NY: Penguin; 1998. 480 p. 2. Hopper D, Farrow A. Medical bibliographies. J Med Writ. 2008 June 15; 4(1): 128-130. 3. Zedwick Z. Understanding NLM [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine; 2011 Jan 5 [cited 2018 Nov 11]. Available from: nlm.nih.gov/NLM-referencing. The â€Å"Aaronson† source is first here because â€Å"A† comes before â€Å"H† and â€Å"Z† in the alphabet. We would then cite each source with the number of its position in the reference list. NLM Refence List: Name-Year Things are a little different in the name-year citation system. In this version of NLM referencing, you cite sources by giving the author’s surname and a year of publication in brackets. In the references at the end of the document, meanwhile, you list all sources alphabetically by author surname: Aaronson A. 1998. A history of English alphabetization. New York, NY: Penguin. 480 p. Hopper D, Farrow A. 2008. Medical bibliographies. J Med Writ. 4(1): 128-130. Zedwick Z. 2011. Understanding NLM [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine; [cited 2018 Nov 11]. Available from: nlm.nih.gov/NLM-referencing. The list here is, then, in the same order as with the citation-name system. However, there are two major differences: We do not number sources as there are no numbered citations. Because we use the year of publication for sources in citations, we give this detail immediately after the author’s name in the reference list. Otherwise, though, this version of NLM referencing is the same as the versions above when it comes to formatting a reference list.

Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Domestic Violence - Essay Example Having realized that most programs address domestic violence post-mortem, early intervention programs need to be focused on. For instance, educational programs that impart information about this issue and campaigns for information dissemination are but a few examples of what can be done even before the early signs of domestic violence are observed. Once signs are seen, next line interventions may include visiting those homes that have a high probability of suffering from domestic violence, and again information campaigns (Wolfe & Jaffe, 1999). Carter et al (1999) further share that the suffering of children exposed to domestic violence has compelled a diverse set of parties who would like to contribute to its resolution These agencies include the "National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, the American Bar Association, the American Medical Association, and the American Psychological Association" (p. 4). These associations have been instrumental at putting forth suggestions , forming committees, organizing research, and other information dissemination vehicles. Tertiary programs on domestic violence are those which are more popular and are firmly established to date (Wolfe & Jaffe, 1999).   There has been some evidence on the positive outcomes of domestic violence programs, but these remain inconclusive and hard to implement. For domestic violence prevention to be effectual, there needs to be core shifts in mindset at the person and community levels (Levine, 1981).

Metal Suppliers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Metal Suppliers - Essay Example As the study outlines when Metal Suppliers offered this deal to Shanghai Steel, and Shanghai Steel accepted the offer this made a contract, and the contract was made verbally before was written. There was a mutual agreement made between a representative of Metal Suppliers, and Shanghai Steel. The mutual agreement was made prior to the written agreement being made, and signed. From this paper it is clear that the consideration of the contract is missing from this contract. The legal purpose of a contract is to make the promise are responsible to the receiver. If the person, our company making the promise does not honor the promise to the receiver, the receiver might be entitled to damages caused by the person who made the promise nine keeping the promise. So, for all purposes in signing the contracts, and having all negotiations that forth in the contract the legal purposes of a contract have been fulfilled. There is belief that a competent member from Metal Suppliers, and Shanghai Steel have signed the contract. The parties would not know up front weather, or not the person signing the contract was a competent member of society, and able to sign the contract. However, it is believed that a competent member from each company signed the contract. The contract takes legal form. The way the contract is written will make it bind, and if there is a breach in th e contract the other party can legally enforce the contract. Metal Suppliers agrees to supply scrap metal to Shanghai Steel in the amount of $7,500,000 USD. The buyer, Shanghai Steel agrees to pay Metal Suppliers in the amount of $7,500,000 USD. Shanghai Steel agrees to pay Metal Suppliers for the shipment of scrap metal prior to the scrap metal being loaded on the ship to be shipped to Shanghai, China. The due date for the $7,500,000 was removed from the contract. In taking out the due date for the $7,500,000 it will make the contract effect if, because Shanghai Steel can procrastinate about giving Metal Suppliers the money.  

The Reflections Of Gore Vidal :: essays research papers fc

The Reflections of Gore Vidal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many people in today's society that would love to have their views published for the whole world to view, but few can match the wit and originality of Gore Vidal. Vidal is the author of many short stories, novels, playwrights, and movie scripts. Gore Vidal has been and continues to be an influential figure in American literature. One of Vidal's most effective strategies as a writer has been to make the public aware of his opinions through his very popular and controversial works. Gore Vidal is an opinionated man with strong beliefs on many aspects of modern American culture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gore Vidal is a man who likes to provoke controversy. The works of Gore Vidal revolves around three main themes: human behavior, politics, and homosexuality. These are Vidal's favorite subjects to write about because they are all something he deals with every day of his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Readers of Gore Vidal should realize that he is out to shock the public with his beliefs, and he accomplishes this task quite well by being in favor of homosexuality. Gore Vidal sees nothing but positive outcomes should homosexuality become an accepted practice. According to American Writers 'The consequences of publishing a gay novel in 1948 were severe, and Vidal's literary career nearly ground to a premature halt'; (681). With the publication of The City and the Pillar, Vidal became ostracized by his fellow writers and the public as well. Homosexuality is not an accepted practice today by many, and since it was less common in 1948, some became enraged and refused to buy any of his work (681). For years Vidal could not sell anything because he had already been labeled as an advocate of homosexuality. In an interview with Salon, Vidal said that he thought that within the next century the government would encourage homosexuality to decrease the population (3). Gore Vidal believes that children are no longer needed and that they are only taking up valuable space in today's world (3). Mr. Vidal believes that by promoting Dunst 2 homosexuality the over crowding will cease to be a problem (3).He refuses to have children because he thinks he will only be adding to the world's population problem. ('Vidal, Gore'; 683) Vidal also sees the practice of homosexuality as a cure for sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS. Vidal thinks that by eliminating all male and female intercourse the sexually tranmitted diseases will eventually cease to be passed on as he believes this is the safest form of sexual intercorse. (684)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of Gore Vidal's more popular beliefs is that women should never be abused.

General and Application Controls in Information Technology

Information Technology has answered our many problems. It has made the life of individuals, groups and organization very easy compared to the former years where technology was something in dreams or on paper. Information Technology is referred to the various sophisticated and state of the art technology like computers that help us to manage our businesses (Senn, 2003).The most important part of the business for example is their huge amounts of data, the problem of storing them and then retrieving them for a useful purpose. Companies realize that data should never be treated as a useless collection of numbers, no matter how old they are. They also came to an appreciation that data can be used to give the companies the competitive edge they need, especially after they became conscious about the â€Å"marketing paradigm†.The Information Technology helps these companies to create, process, store, protect, transmit and retrieve data (Senft & Gallegos, 2008). Besides these, Informat ion technology has helped give impetus to the globalization process. It has reduced the world to a global village where the communication problem is no more an issue, especially after the advent of the internet. Now you can even make calls using the internet. All you need is a microphone and speakers to talk to anyone, at any time sitting anywhere in the world.The companies also realize that there processes (that take place within their organization to come up with their products) have become more cost effective (Senn, 2003). This has allowed business to efficiently utilize their resources and probably the most important one (which is usually saved at the end of the process) is the time. Through technology, companies are able to enhance the quality of their products and processes.BACKGROUNDGeneral Control of the Information Technology aids to guarantee the consistency of the data. This means that the data being produced is showing the performance of the system that you have installe d, and that it is producing the desired results. It ensures that the machine is working perfectly fine. You can then check upon your business process if there is an anomaly or inconsistency in your data. You can be sure of the right data for the wrong processes.Thus you can improve upon your business processes to correct your data. General Control of Information Technology usually encompasses the environmental control (Senft & Gallegos, 2008). This means that you understand the extent of the outside environment or the system beyond the boundary of your system and clearly out of your hands does shape your business in a certain way. But in what way does it affect you depends on the various environmental control you have at hand.USES AND IMPLICATIONSThe General Control also focuses on the different management changes that are brought within the business system or environment. Changes are a verily a very stressful task with in the organization.Information Technology helps to make sure t hat the changes brought therein is acceptable with the norms, organizational culture and the rules and regulations of the business itself (Senft & Gallegos, 2008). During the life of the business, many programs (complex or simples) are written to help businesses achieve their desired results.For example a company may find itself in the need of a Data Base Management Systems or a Data Warehouse. They may either purchase it or they may build it themselves. In both the cases, the company needs to mould the coding to suit their business requirements. It helps the source code’s reliability within the program.Businesses work on projects. For advanced business and for businesses that care to expand in the long run, find themselves in the need of developing software or systems. On the other hand, software houses whose main business is to develop and sell customer’s customized softwares goes through a complex life cycle to design, develop, test, implement and maintain the softw are.General Control helps to achieve that too. It helps to simplify the whole cycle which may extend to a number of years depending on the size and complexity of the software (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2007).

Dignity and Nursing Care - 1301 Words

PART A â€Å"Dignity is a state of physical, emotional and spiritual comfort, with each individual valued for his or her uniqueness and his or her individuality celebrated. Dignity is promoted when individuals are enabled to do the best within their capabilities, exercise control, make choices and feel involved in the decision-making that underpins their care.† (Fenton and Mitchell, 2002) Dignity is a core element of nursing care. In nurses clinical practice, maintaining the dignity of patients is an important issue because a lack of dignity in care can affect the health and recovery of patients. To treat a patient with dignity is to treat them in a way that shows they are valued and important, in a way that is appropriate and respectful to the individual. A patient needs to feel safe and secure in the nurses care and should be made feel comfortable, in control and valued at all times. Providing dignity in care is: †¢ Being sensitive to the needs of the patient †¢ Respecting patients privacy and maintain it as much as possible in large shared wards †¢ Being compassionate and available to provide support to the patients and their families in difficult times †¢ Being respectful and accommodating of patients diverse cultural needs There are many things you can do to make sure the person in your care receives the respect and dignity that is every person’s basic human right. †¢ Respect the patients privacy, physically and emotionally †¢ Close the door when you help them dress or use theShow MoreRelatedDefending Ethics1513 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Dignity is a complicated notion but a significance and viewpoint that is critical to nursing. Dignity is at the core of good nursing care. There have been several empirical studies that explored dignity an indignity in healthcare and these studies focused on the standpoints of patients and providers. 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