Human Control And Its Effects On Modern Society - 1458 Words

History is the sum of the events that result from human control going well or bad. Myriad times in history have there been instances where control or power has been given to a person and their control is beneficial or detrimental to a society. In The Early History of Rome, author and historian Livy writes how human control has played out in Roman civilization, one of the most influential societies of Western civilization. By writing this vivid history, Livy demonstrates that when human control is given, the best outcomes result when humans act selflessly instead of selfishly. According to Livy, therefore, historical knowledge helps us develop a more collectivistic view of our modern society in order to maintain morality in them. The story†¦show more content†¦One could argue that his troops were the ones who directly attacked the Etruscans, but if it weren’t for Cocles’ assist in keeping them from advancing, the troops wouldn’t have been inspired enough to fight. In this situation, no one else but Cocles’ self-sacrificing actions were out of pure courage to protect the people and troops of the Janiculum as a whole. Just as the unknown, Chinese man defended himself and others by blocking a line of army tanks in their path during the Tiananmen Protests in 1989, Clocles’ courage was genuine and unselfish. In both of these instances, morality overpowered dangerous consequences and circumstances and created a positive outcome. His collectivistic actions were significant enough for Livy to write about. Just as Horatius Cocles displayed a great amount of courage and selflessness for others, Cloelia, a hostage in captivity of the Etruscans, also showed much courage and leadership. Leading a group of other female hostages along with her, she passed the Etruscan guards, and swam her way across the Tiber River to return her fellow hostages to the Roman side. What is unique about Cloelia’s brave actions, â€Å"unprecedented in a woman, by an equally unprecedented honour†, was the reaction her escape had on Porsena, who ended up admiring her courage (Livy, 124). Cloelia could have easily ignored her desire to try to

Ethical Dilemmas Ethical Dilemma - 1117 Words

Ethical Dilemmas? Well what are ethical dilemmas though? Ethical dilemmas are a case of reasoning that involves a right versus right decision. As anyone can comprehend, an ethical dilemma has multiple answers. In any case involving a right versus right decision, it is based on a number of factors, including your intuition, thinking and even feeling. However, to solve these predicaments, Kidder came up with 3 principles that are aimed at assisting the decision making process. Although Kidder determined these principles, making a decision involving ethical dilemmas revolves around the idea of a person’s own values and what they believe is right in their own mind. In order to apply Kidder’s 3 principles that are aimed at aiding the decision making process when it comes to ethical dilemmas, an ethical situation must first be determined. For this specific paper, I elected to write about the ethical dilemma of choosing whether to offer an impoverished family or individual a m ortgage for a home that they are highly probable to default on or deny them that mortgage. For instance, giving a family or individual who only brings in a mere $20,000 a year, a $200,000 loan or denying them that money. This idea correlates to the mortgage crisis of 2007 when the growth of housing prices stalled and demand slowed. As a result, lenders accepted loans when they knew that a high degree of risk and insolvency probable. Eventually, banks became bankrupt and the government established stimulusShow MoreRelatedEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1538 Words   |  7 Pages1. Discuss an ethical dilemma that you have had to face in the workplace. Ethical dilemmas often occur when a manager or an employee is faced with two or more conflicting choices. Give as many facts and details as possible in describing your dilemma. The most difficult ethical dilemma I have dealt with was a summer job I had this past summer, while I was working for a bakery in my hometown. This past particular summer really tested what I believe is right and wrong and how to speak up. One of myRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1291 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Dilemmas in the Workplace As a manager, you are the role model for staff. You set the standards, adhere to guidelines, and exemplify what you expect staff to model. By doing so, you are establishing and sustaining an organizational culture of ethics and integrity, which is the backbone of all successful endeavors. However, even the best structured organizations face ethical dilemmas in the workplace. It is how management recognizes and addresses these occurrences that will either set themRead MoreEthical Dilemma Assignment1766 Words   |  8 PagesCONSENT FORM Thank you for being willing to take part in this interview exploring ethical conflict or turbulence. I would like to transcribe the content of this interview to form a written document to be submitted to Sheffield Hallam University as a piece of assessed piece of coursework. It is important that you only take part in this interview if you want to. As such I would be delighted if you would complete and sign this confidentiality questionnaire prior to the interview taking place. (i)Read MoreCase Analysis : Ethical Dilemma1318 Words   |  6 PagesTitle of Paper: Ethical Dilemma One INTRODUCTION Mrs. Smith, is an 81-year-old widow. She has been widowed for over twenty years. She has been very independent with some assistance from neighbors due to her son living out of the area and unable to assist. Recently, she has had issues with her independence. She has set two accidental fires that caused damages to her apartment, as well as had a recent fall in the bathtub. These issues have gained her son’s attention which has led him to requestRead MoreEthical Dilemma at Workplace Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction – What is an ethical dilemma? Ethics is the term we give to our concern for good behavior.   It is human nature to not only be concerned with our own personal well being, but also that of others and of human society as a whole.   The difference between moral dilemmas and ethical ones, philosophers say, is that in moral issues the choice is between right and wrong.   In ethical ones, the choice is between two rights. Everyday Im faced with decisions of right and wrong, most of whichRead Moret Types of ethical dilemmas Mastery67Questions123Materials Essay2477 Words   |  10 PagesTypes of ethical dilemmas Mastery 67% Questions 1 2 3 Materials on the concept: Typical Moral Dilemmas Confronting Business Communicators Ethics and Law for Management Communication Top of Form 1. 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Traditional Capsules Free Essays

Traditional capsules formulations Consists of a 2 piece hard gelatin shell, with a powder blend. Typical formulation would be:- Active Diluent Glidant Lubricant Wetting agent Capsules have advantages as oral dosage forms: Easy to administer, simpler formulations (Vs tablets-fewer stability problems) Taste/ odour masking Potentially good bioavailability Liquid filled capsules -Advantages 1. Dose Uniformity In a powder capsule for potent drug choice the problems are achieving homogenous mix at the required scale of scrutiny. We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional Capsules or any similar topic only for you Order Now To overcome this problem we could formulate as a solution; 100% homogenous. Filling liquids also avoids problems of poor powder flow; if this occurs during filling, can lead to variation of fill weight. (with a 1% possible) . 2. Patient safety compliance/consumer preference Softgel capsule shel soft/flexlble; popular dosage form, due to ; Ease of swallowing Absence of taste Convenience (portable, robust) Soft gels capsules can be formulated to be taken In different ways; Chewable or lozenges Twist-offs (with a tag allows access to contents) 3. Increased Bioavailability Dissolution of drug from solid state (I. e formulated as an ordinary tab/cap) can be rate limiting step. This often true for non-polar drugs. But In llquld fill cap, drug Is In a form from which It can be absorbed rapidly. Drug being In solution has additional advantage (I. e Vs tablet, fro low solublllty drug) Reduces varlablllty of drug plasma levels (between patients) 4. Safety Powder processing of very potent or cytoxlc drug hazardous; dust contamination avoided by solution. 5. Olly/low melting point drugs Dlffllcult to make Into † normal† tab/cap (drug could partly melt during compression) 6. Product stablllty Drug can be protected against 02/H20 by using llpld vehicle and soft gel shell. Considerations for Capsule shell Having llquld In direct contact with the shell -more potential for formulation -pack Interaction, particularly affecting Integrity. Therefore, any trace of water cannot be used because water dissolves gelatin hence won’t work. Llqulds can be filled Into Dotn sort ana nara cap- out OITTerent conslaeratlons apply. can’t necessarlly Till same formulation into both types, need to think about composition of the shell itself (gelatin) Gelatin for Hard Capsules Main problem Liquid fill hard gel caps is; Residual moisture loss†¦. rom the shell into the formulation Hydrogels require 13% to 6% level of moisture, to retain strength. Hence hygroscopic solvents cannot be used as excipients in liquid filled caps since they might take up some water. E. g ethanol, liquid PEG, glycerol, PG. (all these cannot be used for hard capsule) During preformulations studies, we have to check that excipients are compatible with shell. Excipients that can be us ed for hard capsule; Lipophilic liquids/semi solids e. g arachis, castor, olive oils. Also some surfactants emulsifiers. As an alternative, could consider HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) caps. Residual water not so important for integrity of shell, so wider range of olvents may be possible. Gelatin for soft capsules â€Å"Formulation† of soft gel caps themselves are different to hardgel . Typically the gelatin plus: Plasticiser ( to give flexibility). Often 20-30% Glycerol is frequently used Water; lower residual level than hardcaps, 5-8% Colourant /opacifier Lower water level needed for the soft caps means ; hydrophilic solvents e. g. PEG 400can be used unlike for hard gels. (but need to be aware of migration into shell) Manufacture of Hardgel Caps In brief, Formulation is pumped into bottom half of shell, then cap is replaced. Issues for manu. Hardgel caps Formulation viscosity (liquid semi solid possible) Temperature of filling Sealing of capsule shell afterwards NB: Therefore need to consider physical aspects of formulation, as well as filling equipment available. Rheological Considerations Simplest formulation is a solution in which active dissolves, at room temp. Very precise control of filling possible. In-soluble active If active is not soluble, could consider using elevated temperatures, up to 70Deg. Celcius. (Above this could damage the shell) But when the temperature falls again, inside the shell drug would re-precipitate at RT. As a consequence resulting particle size will be important (bioavailability). Another problem; Recrystallized/suspended drug inside capsule shell wil; have a potential to cake re â€Å"normal† suspension, could get crystal growth. t Is posslDle to Till a suspenslon out tnen anotner proDlem to solve; May oe a to keep homogenous, during filling. 2 Alternatives for insoluble drugs; 1 . Thixotrpic gel; Undergoes shear thinning during mixing/filling. so then enough to but gel resets in capsule Typical formulation- Lipophilic solvent (oil) *gel-former (e. g. silicon dioxide). Silicon ioxide only forms a gel in a lipophilic environment. 2. Thermosoftened system Formulation is a liquid or suspension at (elevated) filling temperature, but solid or semi solid at RT. Typically based on a high molecular PEG, eg PEG 10,000 (soft but solid) If drug crystallises, will need to consider resulting particle size as previously. Manu. Of Hardgell caps cont’d a)Filling- Hardgell caps On a development (small) scale, can use a syringe. Large-scale machines use volumetric pumps- hopper and nozzle can be heated. Up to 100,000 caps/hr possible. How to cite Traditional Capsules, Papers